Al Kindi
Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (c. 801–873 CE)
Arab Iraqi polymath:an Islamic philosopher, scientist, astrologer, astronomer, cosmologist, chemist, logician, mathematician, musician, physician, physicist, psychologist, and meteorologist. Al-Kindi was the first of the Muslim Peripatetic philosophers, and is known for his efforts to introduce Greek and Hellenistic philosophy to the Arab world.Al-Kindi was a pioneer in chemistry, medicine, music theory, physics, psychology, the philosophy of science, and is also known for being one of the fathers of cryptography.
In mathematics, al-Kindi played an important role in introducing Arabic numerals to the Islamic and Christian world. He was a pioneer in cryptanalysis and cryptology, and devised new methods of breaking ciphers, including the frequency analysis method.Using his mathematical and medical expertise, he developed a scale to allow doctors to quantify the potency of their medication. He also experimented with music therapy.
Music theory
Al-Kindi was the first great theoretician of music in the Arab-Islamic world. He proposed adding a fifth string to the ‘ud and discussed the cosmological connotations of music. He surpassed the achievement of the Greek musicians in using the alphabetical annotation for one eighth. He published fifteen treatises on music theory, but only five have survived. In one of his treatises the word musiqia was used for the first time in Arabic, which today means music in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, English and several other languages in the Islamic world.[9]
